Anemia (an inadequate supply of red blood cells) can cause symptoms such as fatigue, shortness of breath, and dizziness. Other possible signs of this condition include rapid heartbeat, chest pain, difficulty staying warm, loss of sex drive, and pale skin. Anemia commonly occurs in cancer patients as a result of cancer treatment or as a result of the cancer itself.
In addition to making you feel bad, anemia can cause or worsen other health problems. In some patients, for example, anemia can contribute to heart problems. Anemia may also interfere with your ability to receive recommended cancer treatment.
If anemia becomes severe, it may require treatment with a blood transfusion. Blood transfusions carry some risks, highlighting the importance of early detection of anemia; early detection and treatment of anemia may reduce the need for blood transfusion. If you experience symptoms of anemia, you should discuss them with your doctor.
Anemia can be diagnosed with a blood test known as a complete blood count (CBC). Non-transfusion approaches to managing anemia include dietary changes and use of medications known as erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). ESAs increase red blood cell production by the body. You may wish to talk with your doctor about the potential risks and benefits of ESA use and about which patients are candidates for ESAs.
The message for patients? Early recognition of the side effects of cancer treatment allows for better management of these side effects. By being aware of common problems that may arise during or after treatment, and by taking action to prevent or manage these problems, you may be able to improve your health, your quality of life, and your ability to tolerate cancer treatment.
